  The Martial Arts and Self-Defense
To attract students, most martial arts schools in the U.S.
teach self-defense methods. They make many claims about the usefulness of
martial arts techniques in defending oneself against attack. Such situations of
attack are rare, however, and can be avoided by not putting oneself in danger
(for example, not walking around bad neighborhoods after dark, not buying or
selling illegal drugs, not hanging around bars, not getting involved with gangs,
and so on). Being alert and aware of one’s surroundings and recognizing the
types of events that are likely to occur in certain locations are the
individual’s first line of self-defense.
The media has fuelled the perception that ordinary people on the street are in
constant danger from violent attack, and self-defense classes promise to counter
this fear. In truth, this perception is largely false, as more people are
injured in incidents of domestic violence than on the street by strangers. To be
effective, self-defense classes only need to reduce the feeling of fear.
When a person is actually attacked on the street by a stranger, the main problem
in self-defense is generally not a lack of physical ability to counter the
attack, but an emotional reaction, such as panic or anger, that can turn a bad
situation worse. Panic can be paralyzing and invite attack, while anger can
provoke harm as well by frightening or angering an attacker to further violence.
Serious training in the martial arts takes the emotional reaction out of violent
confrontations. After many hours of practice, a punch or a kick becomes merely a
physical force, a fist or a foot is easily handled, and an encounter is not even
experienced as a personal attack. Students learn good coordination and
self-confidence, characteristics which can discourage potential aggressors from
becoming aggressive in the first place. In the martial arts, the simple act
itself of practicing over a long period of time may be the most important
element in effective self-defense than any specific technique learned.
Focusing on self-defense in today’s world has changed the techniques being
taught in the martial arts. In the modern world, no one is likely to be attacked
by a sword-wielding samurai. Instead, an attacker may be unarmed or have a
baseball bat, knife, or gun. Battlefield combat techniques would not be very
useful in these situations. The emphasis on such techniques has declined in most
martial arts styles and has been replaced with techniques that are relevant to
our times.
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